The video and transcription of this interview will be made public in 2024.

Biographical Note:

Ernest Bower served as President of USASEAN Business Council. He currently is the CEO of Bower Group Asia and holds the Sumitro Chair for Southeast Asia Studies at the Center for Strategic International Studies (CSIS).

Transcript Citation:

Additional Resources:

To learn more about this interviewee, please consult the links below.

• Biography - Bower Group Asia
• "Question of East Timor" Reports, and Other Documents on Indonesia, Aceh, and East Timor Conflict - United Nations (1960-1999)
• Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN), International Cooperative That Promotes Justice, Peace, and Stability Through Economic, Social, Cultural, Technical, and Educational Relations in South East Asia - ASEAN (August 8, 1967)
• The East Asian Miracle: Four Lessons for Development Policy, Economic Overview of Asia's Development in 1990s - John Page (January, 1994)
• 1997-98 Asian Financial Crisis, CRS Report on Asian Financial Crisis - Dick K. Nanto (February 6, 1998)
• ASEAN Post-Ministerial Conference (PMC), Organization of Ten Dialogue Partners With Major Interests in Asia-Pacific Region - Department of State (July 19, 2001)
• "Fear of America in Southeast Asia", Southeast Asian Reaction to American Troops in Philippines - Catherin E. Dalpino, Brookings (February 25, 2003)
• Burmese Freedom and Democracy Act of 2003, Congress Sanctions Ruling Burmese Military Junta (July 28, 2003) 
• U.S.-Thailand Treaty Alliance, Designation Thailand as a Major Non-NATO Ally - White House (December 30, 2003)
• Taguba Report, Internal Military Investigation into Allegations of Torture at Abu Ghraib - U.S. Department of Defense (March 2004)
• "Philippines Begins Withdrawal in Baghdad", Philippine President Gloria Arroyo is Pressured by Terrorist Group to Withdraw From Iraq - Rory McCarthy, Guardian (July 14, 2004)
• "Philippines' Iraq Hostage Freed", Terrorist Hostage is Released After Philippine President Arroyo Withdraws From Iraq - BBC (July 20, 2004)
• "Singapore JI Suspect Nabbed in Java", Indonesia Arrests Jemaah Islamiah Terrorist Suspect Mas Selamat Kastari - Lourdes Charles, Star (February 6, 2006)
• "Umno Youth Protest", Malaysians Protest to Secretary Rice's Visit - Royce Cheah, Star (July 29, 2006)
• China's Charm Offensive in Southeast Asia, China's Foreign Policy Toward Neighboring Countries in Economic Crisis - Josh Kurlantzick, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (September 1, 2006)
• Bangkok Bombings, Terrorist Attacks in Thailand Cause Political Strife - BBC (January 1, 2007)
• Bower on a CSIS Panel, Topics Include U.S.-China Relations and Obama's Asia-Pacific Trip - Center for Strategic and International Studies (November 6, 2014)
• Southeast Asia's Geopolitical Centrality and the U.S.-Japan Alliance, Examination of Southeast Asia's Future Development and Impact on U.S.-Japan Alliance - Ernest Bower et al., Center for Strategic and International Studies (June 11, 2015)
• U.S.- ASEAN-10 Trade and Investment Facts, U.S. Investment in Asia During 1990s - Office of United States Trade Representative (2019)

Ernest Bower on a CSIS Panel (November 6, 2014)